In about 3 minutes, the acid dissolved the egg shell and only the egg yolk and white, enclosed by the egg membrane remains. The purpose of putting the egg in the acid is to corrode the egg shell.(not the membrane)
Here is what the semi transparent egg with membrane looks like:
The egg also "grew" in size as the egg(egg contents have lower water potential) was put into a solution that has higher water potential than the contents of the egg, in this case dilute hydrochloric acid, water flowed into the egg by osmosis, causing it to expand.
The membrane did not dissolve due to the fact that the egg shell is made up of calcium which reacts with the acid, and the egg shell gets corroded. However, the egg membrane has no substances that cause it to react with the acid, leaving it unscathed.
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